The concept of social justice has recently regained interest among analysts, thinkers and institutions, as the claim for democracy and the claim for social justice were the main motivations underlying the Arab uprisings. This Policy Brief zooms in on one of the main components of social justice: the concept of inequality. It examines its manifestation in the Arab Region, and concludes with policy recommendations on how to address this challenge at all levels to ensure basic rights and fundamental freedoms to all.