Produced in response to the recommendations made in the fifth session of the Committee on Energy, this publication also fulfils the mandates of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. It assesses energy efficiency and energy conservation opportunities in the field of oil and natural gas production, including current trends, technologies from exploration to transport and specific case studies from selected countries in the region. Given their impact on climate change, measures to reduce the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions in selected member countries are also analysed.