While ESCWA member countries face a number of obstacles to increasing regional trade, a consensus exists among policymakers that the economic integration in the region is crucial both to promote economic growth and development and to overcome the challenges of globalization. This study identifies the various trade policies adopted by ESCWA member countries and assesses their impact on economic performance, in particular their contribution to improving trade and development in the region. Through this assessment, the study provides a basis from which to draw lessons on the relative merits of each policy. The study aims to contribute to the debate on trade policy options in the ESCWA region and equip policymakers with appropriate policy tools to support their efforts to strike a balance between trade, growth and economic performance.