This study provides a review of the System of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA), developed by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) to integrate economic and environmental information into a common framework, measuring both the contribution of the environment to the economy and the impact of the economy on the environment in order to achieve sustainable development. Against a regional background of scarce water resources, deterioration of air and water quality, depletion of energy and mineral resources, land and soil degradation, and loss of biodiversity, the study outlines a proposed adaptation of the SEEA to the particular needs of ESCWA member countries, emphasizing accounts for specific resources, including water, energy, soil and land, and ecosystem. The study highlights specific examples of pilot accounts in selected member countries conducted by UNSD, presents the results pertaining to the region from the Global Assessment of Energy Statistics and Balances and addresses environmental protection expenditure and the cost of environmental degradation. It concludes with a proposed work plan for the development of a system of integrated environmental and economic accounting in the ESCWA region.