The paper has two main objectives. First, it provides an overview of the Egypt’s main macroeconomic and social indicators, highlighting the impact of economic reforms implemented since 2016 and arguing the case for a knowledge-based transformation targeting decent employment generation and productivity growth as necessary for sustainable, inclusive growth. Second, it provides a narrative of the economic and policy implications of such a transformation, based on a knowledge-based innovation-driven computable general equilibrium (CGE) model specifically designed for long-term analysis. Such a narrative is required as it can help policymakers design a road map with quantitative milestones, an integral part of Egypt Vision 2030.