Countries suffering from conflict or political tension are very much dependent on successful peacebuilding interventions that would be geared towards preventing a relapse into conflict and ensuring sustainable peace and development. Key ingredients for effective interventions in the aftermath of conflict include the provision of basic safety and security, an inclusive political process, the provision of essential services, restoration of core government functions and economic revitalization. These priority areas span across development, peace and security and human rights, reflecting the interlinked and mutually reinforcing nature of these issues, as repeatedly emphasized by Member States, including in the 2005 World Summit Outcome. Security, safety and the rule of law are critical for socio-economic rehabilitation and development. Also significant is a political process that would comprise an inclusive dialogue and reconciliation among political actors, yielding a political system that is able to maintain the peace, resolve differences through nonviolent means and prevent the return to hostilities. Furthermore, of utmost importance to maintain sustainable peace, is the fundamental role of the public sector. A public sector implementing sound policies and mainstreaming good governance practices within its institutions and functions creates the necessary conditions to prevent relapse of conflict and to effectively address development challenges. The formulation of policies for peacebuilding and conflict prevention must take into account the root causes of conflict and instability as well as their spillover effects, at both regional and national levels. These root causes have multiple dimensions which include economic, social and political factors which need to be tackled comprehensively. This entails tailoring economic policies for conflict prevention as well as addressing social grievances in an effort to reduce tension through the provision of equal access to essential services and reduce social and economic inequality. Poverty, unemployment, conflict driven displacement, abuse of basic human rights, lack of participation in the decision-making process and weak state institutions, are some of the main sources of instability.